Tooth Pain: Causes, Types, Prevention (10 Best Remedies)

Medically reviewed by Dr. Ramesh Gaddam, M.D. — Written by Sumalatha, D.N.H.E

Table of Contents

Tooth pain, also known as dental pain or odontalgia, is a discomfort or ache that originates from a tooth or the surrounding structures. It can vary in intensity, duration, and type of pain. Tooth pain is a common symptom of various dental issues and oral health problems.

Types of Tooth Pain

Tooth pain can manifest in various forms, and the type of pain you experience may provide clues about the underlying cause. Here are some types of tooth pain:

1. Sharp, Sudden Pain:

Often associated with tooth sensitivity. May be triggered by hot or cold foods and beverages. Could indicate enamel erosion, exposed dentin, or a cracked tooth.

2. Throbbing or Pulsating Pain:

Common in cases of tooth abscess or infection. Intense, rhythmic pain that may be accompanied by swelling.

3. Persistent, Dull Ache:

Continuous, lingering discomfort. May be indicative of chronic issues such as bruxism, grinding, or clenching.

4. Pain When Chewing or Biting:

Discomfort specifically triggered by pressure on the tooth. Can be caused by a cracked tooth, decay, or a loose filling.

5. Radiating Pain:

Pain that extends to the jaw, ear, or head. May be associated with severe dental issues, such as an abscess.

6. Intermittent Sharp Pain:

Sudden, stabbing pain that comes and goes. May indicate nerve sensitivity or an issue with dental pulp.

7. Pain with Swelling:

Pain accompanied by swelling of the gums or face. Often associated with infection or an abscess.

8. Pain from Hot or Cold Stimuli:

Sharp, shooting pain in response to hot or cold foods/drinks. Suggests sensitivity or potential nerve involvement.

9. Pain in the Upper Teeth with Sinus Pressure:

Discomfort in upper teeth that coincides with sinus congestion or infection. Sinusitis can cause referred pain to the teeth.

10. Pain After Dental Procedures:

Temporary discomfort following dental work like fillings, extractions, or root canals.

Typically subsides as the tissues heal.

Understanding the nature of your tooth pain can help your dentist diagnose and treat the underlying issue more effectively.

If you experience persistent or severe tooth pain, it’s crucial to seek professional dental advice promptly.

Causes of Tooth Pain

The common causes of tooth pain are:

1. Tooth Decay (Cavities)

Tooth decay occurs when bacteria in the mouth produce acids that erode the tooth enamel, leading to the formation of cavities. Cavities can cause varying degrees of pain depending on their size and depth.

2. Gum Disease

Inflammation or infection of the gums, known as gingivitis or periodontitis, can lead to tooth pain. Advanced gum disease can affect the supporting structures of the teeth, causing discomfort and sensitivity.

3. Tooth Abscess

A tooth abscess is a pus-filled pocket that forms at the root of a tooth due to a bacterial infection. It often causes intense, throbbing pain and requires prompt dental attention to prevent further complications.

4. Tooth Fracture

Cracked or broken teeth can result from trauma, biting on hard objects, or untreated cavities. Fractured teeth can cause pain, especially when chewing or exposing the affected area to temperature changes.

5. Dental Procedures

Discomfort or sensitivity may occur after certain dental procedures such as fillings, root canals, or extractions. This is usually temporary and should subside as the affected area heals.

6. Bruxism (Teeth Grinding)

Teeth grinding or clenching, especially during sleep, can lead to tooth pain, jaw discomfort, and headaches. Over time, bruxism can cause wear and damage to the teeth.

7. Impacted Wisdom Teeth

Wisdom teeth, or third molars, may cause pain if they become impacted or do not have enough space to emerge properly. Impacted wisdom teeth can lead to swelling, pain, and potential infection.

8. Sinus Infection

Pain in the upper teeth may be associated with a sinus infection. Sinus congestion or infection can cause referred pain to the teeth, particularly the upper ones that are close to the sinuses.

Tooth Pain Remedies

While seeking professional dental advice is crucial for addressing the underlying cause of tooth pain, there are some home remedies and over-the-counter measures that may provide temporary relief.

It’s important to note that these remedies are not substitutes for professional dental care, and a dentist should be consulted for a proper diagnosis and treatment.

Here are some tooth pain relief strategies:

1. Over-the-Counter Pain Relievers:

Non-prescription pain medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. Follow the recommended dosage instructions.

2. Cold Compress:

Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the outside of the cheek for 15-20 minutes may help reduce swelling and numb the area, providing temporary relief.

3. Saltwater Rinse:

Gargling with warm saltwater (1/2 teaspoon of salt in 8 ounces of warm water) can help reduce inflammation and promote healing. Rinse several times a day.

4. Clove Oil:

Clove oil contains eugenol, a natural anesthetic. Applying a small amount of clove oil to the affected area with a cotton ball may provide temporary relief. Be cautious, as excessive use can lead to irritation.

5. Peppermint Tea Bags:

Placing a cooled peppermint tea bag against the affected area may have a soothing effect. Peppermint has mild numbing properties.

6. Hydrogen Peroxide Rinse:

A diluted hydrogen peroxide rinse (equal parts water and 3% hydrogen peroxide) may help reduce oral bacteria. Swish and spit, but avoid swallowing.

7. Avoid Trigger Foods:

If hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods trigger pain, try to avoid them until you can see a dentist.

8. Elevate Your Head:

If the pain is associated with sinus congestion, elevating your head while sleeping may help alleviate pressure.

9. Topical Anesthetics:

Over-the-counter oral gels or ointments containing benzocaine can provide temporary numbing of the affected area. Follow the product’s instructions.

10. Stay Hydrated:

Drinking water can help flush out bacteria and debris from the mouth, promoting oral health.

Natural Remedies for Tooth Ache

Natural remedies may provide temporary relief for toothache, but it’s essential to understand that they do not substitute professional dental care.

If you’re experiencing tooth pain, it’s crucial to consult with a dentist to identify and address the underlying cause.

Here are some natural tips that may help alleviate toothache temporarily:

1. Cloves or Clove Oil:

Cloves have natural analgesic (pain-relieving) properties. You can apply a small amount of clove oil to the affected area using a cotton ball or chew on a whole clove. Be cautious not to use excessive amounts as it can cause irritation.

2. Saltwater Rinse:

Gargling with warm saltwater can help reduce inflammation and bacteria. Mix 1/2 teaspoon of salt in 8 ounces of warm water and rinse your mouth several times a day.

3. Peppermint Tea Bags:

Apply a cooled peppermint tea bag to the affected area. Peppermint has mild numbing properties and may provide some relief.

4. Garlic:

Garlic has natural antibacterial properties. You can crush a garlic clove and mix it with a little salt, then apply the paste to the affected tooth.

5. Vanilla Extract:

Soak a cotton ball in vanilla extract and apply it to the affected area. Vanilla has alcohol, which can provide a numbing effect.

6. Ice Pack:

Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the outside of the cheek can help reduce swelling and numb the area, providing temporary relief.

7. Turmeric Paste:

Turmeric has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Make a paste by mixing turmeric powder with water and apply it to the affected area.

8. Hydrogen Peroxide Rinse:

Mix equal parts of water and 3% hydrogen peroxide. Swish the mixture around in your mouth for 30 seconds and then spit it out. This may help reduce oral bacteria.

9. Ginger Root:

Chew a small piece of fresh ginger root. Ginger has anti-inflammatory properties and may help with pain.

10. Acupressure:

Apply gentle pressure to the fleshy area between your thumb and forefinger. Some people find this acupressure point helpful for relieving toothache.

Prevention and Dental Care

Maintaining good dental care practices is essential for overall oral health. Here are some key aspects of dental care:

1. Regular Brushing:

Brush your teeth at least twice a day, preferably in the morning and before bedtime.

Use fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush.

Brush all surfaces of your teeth, including the fronts, backs, and chewing surfaces.

Replace your toothbrush every 3-4 months or sooner if the bristles are frayed.

2. Flossing:

Floss once a day to remove plaque and food particles from between your teeth and below the gumline.

Proper flossing helps prevent cavities and gum disease.

3. Regular Dental Check-ups:

Schedule regular dental check-ups and cleanings with your dentist.

Professional cleanings help remove plaque and tartar that regular brushing and flossing may miss.

4. Balanced Diet:

Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

Limit sugary and acidic foods and beverages, as they contribute to tooth decay.

5. Limiting Snacking:

Try to minimize between-meal snacks, as frequent snacking can increase the risk of cavities.

6. Stay Hydrated:

Drink plenty of water, as it helps rinse away food particles and bacteria, and promotes saliva production.

7. Fluoride:

Ensure you have an adequate intake of fluoride, either through fluoridated water, toothpaste, or fluoride treatments prescribed by your dentist.

8. Protective Mouthguards:

Wear a mouthguard if you participate in contact sports or activities that pose a risk of dental injury.

9. Avoid Tobacco:

Avoid tobacco products, as they can contribute to gum disease and oral cancer.

10. Oral Hygiene for Children:

Start oral care early with infants by wiping their gums with a soft cloth.

As teeth emerge, use an age-appropriate toothbrush and a small amount of fluoride toothpaste for children.

11. Awareness of Oral Health Changes:

Be aware of any changes in your oral health, including pain, swelling, bleeding gums, or changes in the appearance of your teeth.

Report any concerns to your dentist promptly.

12. Addressing Dental Issues Promptly:

Seek dental care promptly if you experience tooth pain, sensitivity, or any other oral health issues.

When to Seek Medical Help

Tooth Pain:

Persistent tooth pain, especially if it’s severe or throbbing, may indicate an underlying issue such as decay, infection, or a dental abscess.

Swollen or Bleeding Gums:

Swollen, red, or bleeding gums may be signs of gum disease (gingivitis or periodontitis). Early intervention can prevent the progression of gum disease.

Tooth Sensitivity:

If you experience sudden or increased tooth sensitivity to hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods, it could indicate various dental problems, including enamel erosion or tooth decay.

Chronic Bad Breath:

Persistent bad breath (halitosis) may be a sign of underlying dental issues, such as gum disease, cavities, or oral infections.

Loose or Lost Teeth:

Loose or lost teeth can be indicative of advanced gum disease or other dental problems.

Immediate attention is crucial to preserve oral health.

Jaw Pain or Clicking:

Persistent jaw pain, difficulty in opening or closing the mouth, or clicking sounds in the jaw may be signs of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.

Broken or Cracked Teeth:

Cracked or broken teeth, whether due to trauma or other factors, require prompt dental attention to prevent further damage or infection.

Signs of Infection:

Symptoms such as swelling, pus, or a bad taste in the mouth may indicate a dental infection.

Dental infections can spread and become serious if not treated.

Changes in Bite or Tooth Alignment:

Any sudden changes in your bite or the alignment of your teeth should be evaluated by a dentist.

This may indicate issues like teeth shifting or problems with dental restorations.

Dental Emergencies:

Trauma to the mouth, severe oral bleeding, a knocked-out tooth, or other dental emergencies require immediate attention.

Contact your dentist or seek emergency dental care.

Irregular Oral Examinations:

Regular dental check-ups are essential for preventive care.

If it’s been more than six months since your last dental visit, it’s time to schedule an appointment.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Stop Tooth Pain Fast:

Rinse your mouth with warm saltwater to reduce inflammation. Use a cold compress on the affected area to numb pain. Take over-the-counter pain relievers following recommended dosage.

2. Dealing with Unbearable Tooth Pain:

Immediately contact your dentist for professional guidance. Rinse your mouth gently with warm water. Avoid placing aspirin directly on the gum, as it may cause irritation.

3. Help for Tooth Pain:

Apply a small amount of clove oil to the affected area for natural relief. Maintain good oral hygiene with regular brushing and flossing. Consider over-the-counter oral gels or ointments with benzocaine.

4. Get Rid of Tooth Pain:

Identify and address the underlying cause with a dentist’s help. Avoid consuming extremely hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods.

5. Aid for Tooth Pain:

Chew on a peppermint tea bag for its mild numbing properties. Keep the head elevated when sleeping to reduce blood flow to the affected area.

6. Fast Home Remedies for Tooth Pain:

Apply a cold tea bag to the painful area for relief. Maintain a consistent oral care routine with proper brushing and flossing.

7. Relieve Tooth Pain:

Consider using an antiseptic mouthwash to reduce bacteria. Visit your dentist for a thorough examination and personalized advice.

8. What to Do for Tooth Pain:

Avoid placing aspirin directly on the tooth as it may cause burns. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent further irritation.

9. Duration of Wisdom Tooth Growing Pain:

Wisdom tooth growing pain varies; consult your dentist for guidance. Over-the-counter pain relievers can temporarily ease discomfort.

10. How to Help Tooth Pain:

Rinse with warm saltwater to reduce inflammation. Use a cold compress for numbing and swelling reduction.

Take over-the-counter pain relievers following recommended dosage.

Duration of Wisdom Tooth Growing Pain:

Wisdom tooth growing pain duration varies; consult a dentist for guidance. Over-the-counter pain relievers can offer temporary relief.

Tooth Pain When Biting Down:

Seek immediate dental attention for proper diagnosis. Avoid chewing on the affected side and opt for softer foods.

Why Does Wisdom Tooth Pain Come and Go?

Wisdom tooth pain may fluctuate due to inflammation or impaction. Regular dental check-ups can monitor wisdom tooth development.

Relieving Tooth Pain from Sinus Pressure:

Address sinus issues with a decongestant if sinus pressure is the cause. Maintain oral hygiene to prevent additional complications.

How to Help With Tooth Pain:

Apply a small amount of clove oil for natural pain relief. Practice gentle oral care to avoid aggravating the pain.

Helping Wisdom Tooth Pain:

Maintain good oral hygiene to prevent infection. Consider over-the-counter pain relievers as recommended.

Relieving Wisdom Tooth Pain:

Rinse with warm saltwater for soothing effects. Consult a dentist for potential solutions, such as extraction.

What Helps Wisdom Tooth Pain:

Use an ice pack on the outside of the cheek for swelling reduction. Follow your dentist’s recommendations for pain management.

How to Ease Tooth Pain:

Chew on the opposite side of the affected tooth. Avoid extremely hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods.

What to Take for Tooth Pain:

Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Follow the recommended dosage and consult a healthcare professional if needed.

What Does Wisdom Tooth Pain Feel Like?

Wisdom tooth pain can feel like a dull ache or throbbing discomfort. It may be accompanied by swelling, tenderness, or difficulty opening the mouth.

How to Get Rid of Wisdom Tooth Pain:

Rinse with warm saltwater for relief. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage discomfort. Consult a dentist for an examination and potential extraction.

Duration of Pain After Wisdom Tooth Extraction:

Pain after wisdom tooth extraction varies. Typically, initial discomfort lasts a few days to a week. Follow post-operative care instructions provided by your dentist.

Duration of Jaw Pain After Tooth Extraction:

Jaw pain after tooth extraction is common. It may last a few days and gradually improve. Use ice packs and pain relievers as recommended by your dentist.

Relieving Pain After Tooth Extraction:

Take prescribed or over-the-counter pain medication. Follow post-operative care guidelines, including rest and avoiding certain foods.

How to Stop Throbbing Wisdom Tooth Pain:

Rinse with warm saltwater to reduce inflammation. Use a cold compress on the outside of the cheek for numbing effects. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help alleviate throbbing pain.